Biomeme
Pathway Reference

Testosterone / TRT
Androgen Receptor Signaling

Prescription only · Controlled substance (Schedule III)

Biomeme does not prescribe, supply, recommend or evaluate this therapy. This page describes which genes it acts on, not whether you should take it.

Testosterone signals through the androgen receptor, which regulates transcription in muscle, adipose and bone. This page describes the genes involved and what a transcript panel can and cannot say about them.

Molecular Mechanism

Androgen Receptor Gene Regulation

When testosterone binds to the androgen receptor, it translocates to the nucleus to bind DNA, initiating an anabolic gene transcription program. This program promotes muscle protein synthesis via localized IGF-1 upregulation, while suppressing E3 ubiquitin ligases (MuRF1/TRIM63) that target muscle tissue for breakdown.

This panel tracks circulating leukocyte markers reflecting androgen sensitivity and systemic metabolic response. Note that skeletal muscle transcripts like TRIM63 require muscle tissue biopsies and cannot be recovered from blood draws. Transcript levels are not a measure of clinical efficacy or insulin sensitivity.

Key Target Genes

AR

Androgen Receptor Hormonal Signaling

Drives testosterone-mediated gene transcription in target tissues and circulating leukocytes.

IGF1

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Hypertrophic Signaling

Drives localized growth factor signaling and cellular anabolism.

TRIM63 (MuRF1)

Muscle Ring Finger 1 Tissue Degradation (Research Reference)

An E3 ubiquitin ligase studied in muscle tissue biopsies; not recoverable from whole blood.

SLC2A4 (GLUT4)

Glucose Transporter Type 4 Glucose Metabolism

Plays key roles in insulin-stimulated glucose transport and peripheral metabolic response.

Platform & Processing

The Biomeme Molecular Ecosystem

From deep whole-transcriptome sequencing in the laboratory to rapid point-of-care instrumentation in the field.

Central Laboratory Testing

High-Depth RNA Sequencing

Processed at One Health Labs, Biomeme's CLIA-certified laboratory, using Illumina NovaSeq high-depth paired-end RNA sequencing. Samples are collected in venous PAXgene blood RNA tubes to stabilize cellular transcription at the moment of draw.

Deployable Hardware

Biomeme/5 Handheld Platform

Beyond central-lab genomics, Biomeme engineers patented, battery-powered real-time PCR instruments. Our deployable hardware brings decentralized molecular detection directly to the field and clinical points of care.

The Science Behind the Data

Curious how we measure this?

Learn about the foundational science of Transcriptomics and how Biomeme brings molecular profiling to the point of need.

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ABOUT THESE PANELS

Biomeme's wellness transcriptomic panels are general wellness products. They report gene activity to support a healthy lifestyle. They are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate or prevent any disease or condition, and they are not a substitute for evaluation by a licensed healthcare professional. Results describe the state of the measured transcripts at the moment the sample was taken.